1. Origin
2.
Economic
importance and Geographical Distribution
3. Classification
1. Origin
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The Pelargonium, calls erroneously "geraniums", have lost the popularity
that had in the Victorian epoch, in part on account of being very seen and
also by its presence in solid of flowers of the public parks. Nevertheless,
there are bright and very attractive plants, whose different species and
hybrid offer a great variety of sizes, forms and colors. Many flourish
during various months and some have leaves of pleasant fragrance.
While the Geranium live in zones tempered, the kind Pelargonium, with its
approximately 240 species, proceeds almost exclusively of the south african
region of the Tip. Since there arrived to Europe the first geranium in the
year 1710. The Pelargonium owes its name to the form of its fruits, call
peak of cigüeña (pelargos = cigüeña).
2. Economic
importance and Geographical Distribution
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The cultivation of Pelargonium constitutes one of the main productions of
plant ornamental in Europe, where market himself on the order of 600 million
plants annually. Recent statistical studies about the importance of this
cultivation and its level of acceptance reveal that the color of the flowers
is the variable that more influences in the buyers at the moment of to
acquire these plants followed by the form of the leaves. Finally the price
was the third variable in importance that influenced in the potential
consumers at the moment of to buy them. These studies show besides that the
geranium is a plant of great acceptance in numerous countries, and even
forms part of the urban landscapes of many Central European cities and of
hotter latitude (Behe and Nelson, 1999).
They utilized in the decoration of solid, balconies and terraces, in
flowerpots floridas and in kindergartens; the numerous forms hortícolas have
extended for all parts and very are appreciated for its rusticidad, its good
one floración or its aromatic qualities.
3.
Classification
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There are basically three types of geraniums cultivated. The most important
one of the three is the geranium zonal (P. x zonale), that is the result of
many hybridizations in which have intervened several species, among them P.
zonale and P. inquinans. It possesses leaves and stems tomentosos, red
colors, violet or white rose. Some examples are: “Garden of plant” one of
the oldest, “Rhapsodie” (carmín), “Irene” (red) and its sports, “Topscore”
(red, anaranjado), “Orange Ricard” (orange), “Maloja” (orange), “Wesfalen” (violet),
“Renard Bleu” (violet), “Pink Fiat” (salmon).
A second type is the geranium of hanging postage and leaves more carnosas,
P. x peltatum, species in which is used to situating himself these types of
plants by being one of its main parentales, therefore in reality is also a
complex of hybrids. P. peltatum is the call Geranium – lierre or P. x
hederaefolium, this species has been one of the genitores. The
characteristics of this type are leaves and brilliant, naked stems, postage
fallen and of equal color. Some examples are: “Roi of Balcons” (rose) and
their sports (“Decorates”, “Imperial”, “Lilas”), “Scarlet Crousse” (red),
“Super Rose”, “It Richelieu” (red), “Rouletta” (red and white), “Tavira”
(red alive).
Finally they are the calls geraniums “of thought”, P. x grandiflorum or P. x
domesticum, of large and beautiful flowers that only are produced in spring
and summer. They are also a complex of hybrids, with some more recognized
species like parentales, such as P. grandiflorum, P. cucullatum and P.
angulosum. This is the Pelargonium of the florists. Edge of the large,
serrated leaves flowers (from 2 to 3 cm) with two colors (red and white).
They cultivated in flowerpots. Examples: “Grand Slam” (white and red),
“Pastel” (alive rose).
